[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/hinduismus-zakladni-principy\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/hinduismus-zakladni-principy\/","headline":"Hinduismus \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy","name":"Hinduismus \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy","description":"Poloostrov P\u0159edn\u00ed Indie je oblast\u00ed, kde se p\u0159ed stalet\u00edmi zrodilo zcela specifick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Hinduismus je nejen n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9.","datePublished":"2019-06-12","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6b1978a802e1d2522476d4f1a954a19e989b74ba84b3e15a182efb651cc75097?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6b1978a802e1d2522476d4f1a954a19e989b74ba84b3e15a182efb651cc75097?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"fitlena.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a349004_w2055_t1563719980.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a349004_w2055_t1563719980.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/hinduismus-zakladni-principy\/","wordCount":413,"articleBody":"Poloostrov P\u0159edn\u00ed Indie je oblast\u00ed, kde se p\u0159ed stalet\u00edmi zrodilo zcela specifick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Hinduismus je nejen n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 filosofick\u00fd sm\u011br. A p\u0159esto, \u017ee se zrodilo a vyskytuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b na \u00fazem\u00ed Indie, m\u00e1 p\u0159es miliardu v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch. To jej stav\u00ed hned za k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a isl\u00e1m.\tObdob\u00ed vzniku\tPodle v\u011bdeck\u00fdch b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed se datuje jeho vznik zhruba do obdob\u00ed prvn\u00ed poloviny prvn\u00edho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem. Na rozd\u00edl od k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed \u010di isl\u00e1mu k\u00a0jeho vzniku nevedly p\u0159ekotn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti (uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, proroctv\u00ed, dobyt\u00ed Mekky apod.). Vyvinul se velmi pomalu z\u00a0jin\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed, tak zvan\u00e9ho v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed (to se zam\u011b\u0159ovalo na uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch sil jako nap\u0159\u00edklad ohe\u0148, voda, vzduch \u010di slunce). Samotn\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed pro tento sm\u011br pak dali sv\u011btu muslimov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se kolem roku 1 000 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu us\u00eddlili na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili za \u0159ekou Indus, pro n\u011b byli nev\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed a ozna\u010dovali je \u201ehindu\u201c (obnova k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho slova pohan). V\u00fdvojem se pak z\u00a0hinduismu odd\u011blovali r\u016fzn\u00e9 sekty a t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem vznikl nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u017einismus \u010di buddhismus.\t\tZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy\tZ\u00e1kladn\u00edmi bo\u017estvy jsou Brahma, Vi\u0161nu a \u0160iva. Existuje v\u0161ak dal\u0161\u00ed, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nekone\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed boh\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Jedn\u00e1 se tedy o typicky polyteistick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Velkou roli m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 na uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. V\u00a0podstat\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme mezi indickou spole\u010dnost a kulturu postavit lom\u00edtko. Ovliv\u0148uje nejen mor\u00e1lku, ale cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Z\u00e1kladem je kastovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Kasty jsou vlastn\u011b skupiny lid\u00ed, s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdm spole\u010densk\u00fdm statusem. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost ke kast\u011b je d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1.\tJedn\u00edm z\u00a0filosofick\u00fdch z\u00e1klad\u016f je my\u0161lenka reinkarnace \u2013 p\u0159evt\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jde o to, \u017ee lidsk\u00e1 du\u0161e po smrti putuje do jin\u00e9ho t\u011bla. S\u00a0t\u00edm \u00fazce souvis\u00ed karma, neboli soubor dobr\u00fdch a zl\u00fdch skutk\u016f \u010dlov\u011bka. Pokud m\u00e1 karmu dobrou, narod\u00ed se do lep\u0161\u00edho \u017eivota. C\u00edlem \u017eivota du\u0161e by tak m\u011blo b\u00fdt dosa\u017een\u00ed M\u00f3k\u0161i, co\u017e je stejn\u00fd princip jako buddhistick\u00e1 nirv\u00e1na.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Hinduismus \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy","item":"https:\/\/www.fitlena.cz\/hinduismus-zakladni-principy\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]